OCaml

2022年10月19日 (三) 02:33的最后版本

您可以在Wikipedia上了解到此条目的英文信息 OCaml Thanks, Wikipedia.

OCaml

[编辑] 简介

OCaml，最早称为 Objective Caml，是 Caml 编程语言的主要实现，由 Xavier Leroy，Jérôme Vouillon，Damien Doligez，Didier Rémy 及其他人于1996年创立，OCaml 是开放源代码项目（LGPLv2.1）。

OCaml 一般用于编译器、程序分析、金融交易、虚拟机等方面。它是 Jane Street 的核心语言，重点是用它写实时交易系统会很赚钱。

F#，Microsoft .NET平台上 OCaml 风格的编程语言。

ML 家族的两个主要的方言是 Standard ML 和 OCaml。

[编辑] 功能

OCaml拥有的语言特性：

垃圾回收（garbage collection）
首类函数（first-class functions）可以像常规的值一样传递
静态类型检查（static type-checking）
参数化多态（parametric polymorphism）允许构造抽象涵盖不同数据类型，类似 C# 泛型和 C++ 模板特性
支持不可变编程（immutable programming）
自动类型推断（automaticc type inference）
通过通用代数数学类型（Generalized algebraic datatypes）GADTs 和模式匹配（pattern matching）定义和管理复杂数据结构

[编辑] 指南

OCamlverse Documenting everything about OCaml

Windows OCaml on Windows

完成第一个OCaml程序，Hello World!，创建test.ml文件，包含：

let _=print_endline "hello world!"

编译 test.ml

ocamlc test.ml -o test  // Byte-code编译
或 ocamlopt test.ml -o test // Native-code编译
 ./test

REPL

 $ ocmal 或 $ utop // eval $(opam config env)
 utop # let () = print_endline "Hello OCaml World!";;
 Hello OCaml World!

类型

 utop # (1, "str1", 2.);; // 元组tuple
- : int * string * float = (1, "str1", 2.)     
 utop # [1; 2; 3];; // 列表list
- : int list = [1; 2; 3]  
 utop # [|1; 2; 3|];; 数组array
- : int array = [|1; 2; 3|]   
 utop # type vec2 = { x : float; y : float };; //记录record
type vec2 = { x : float; y : float; }

[编辑] 常见问题

Error: Unbound module Core

vim ~/.ocamlinit 加入以下内容，并重新运行utop

#use "topfind"
#camlp4o
#thread
#require "core.top"
#require "core.syntax"

-bash: ocamlfind: command not found

eval $(opam config env)

[编辑] 项目

Awesome OCaml

OCaml @ GitHub
OCaml ecosystem Compilers, Typecheckers, and Parsers Security and Cryptography Static Analysis Testing Formal Software Verification Protocols
OCaml Forge Deprecating the Forge in 2017
OCamlPro
OCaml Labs
F* A Proof-oriented Programming Language
The HOL Light theorem prover
Dune is a build system for OCaml projects with support for Reason and Coq
Ocsigen Multi-tier programming for Web and mobile apps
Binary Analysis Platform
Coq Programming Languages and Verification Group at MIT CSAIL
Liquidsoap Audio & Video Streaming Language
Owl - OCaml Scientific Computing
MirageOS 一个用于构建安全、高性能网络应用的库（library）操作系统
ReScript Compiler
Reason 是一门基于 OCaml 强大类型系统的编程语言，并拥有让 JavaScript 和 C 语言家族开发者所熟悉的语法。
esy Easy package management for native Reason, OCaml and more
aeternity Sophia is a Ocaml-like language with syntax mostly resembling that of Reason.
Irmin数据库
ocaml-cohttp 非常轻量的HTTP server
ocaml-dns DNS协议的OCaml实现和 jitsu DNS Server
datakit from Docker team.
vpnkit from Docker team.
Real World OCaml
ocsigen
Haxe
DataKit -- Orchestrate applications using a Git-like dataflow
Unison File Synchronizer
Deep learning experiments in OCaml TensorFlow OCaml bindings
Ledger Theory Coq开发的轻量级加密账本理论

Jane Street 开源的 Ocaml 项目

Jane Street @ GitHub
Jane Street Capital's standard library overlay
Hardcaml is an OCaml library for designing hardware.
Incr_dom: a library for writing dynamic web-apps A tutorial for building web applications with Incr_dom

Facebook 开源的 OCaml 项目

Hack is a programming language for HHVM
flow Adds static typing to JavaScript to improve developer productivity and code quality.
Reason: Build Systems Rapidly
Infer is a static analysis tool for Java, Objective-C and C, written in OCaml.
pfff Tools for code analysis, visualizations, or style-preserving source transformation.

[编辑] 文档

Owl Online Tutorials FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING MEETS DATA SCIENCE
Xen and the art of OCaml
Some uses of Caml in industry
Why FP matters to Credit Suisse
Caml Trader:Adventures of a functional programmer on Wall Street

[编辑] 书籍

[编辑] 开发

Hacking the compiler
Compiler or Language projects to work on
张宏波前OCaml编译器核心作者, BuckleScript 作者。

[编辑] 课程

CS 3110 Spring 2014 :: Data Structures and Functional Programming

[编辑] 用户

更多用户和成功故事

[编辑] 图集

LexiFi IDE
owl架构
owl库
OCaml编译器

[编辑] 链接

@@ 第12行： / 第12行： @@
 [[F Sharp|F#]]，Microsoft [[.NET]]平台上 OCaml 风格的编程语言。
-==Windows==
+[[ML]] 家族的两个主要的方言是 Standard ML 和 OCaml。
-*[https://protz.github.io/ocaml-installer/ OCaml on Windows]
+==功能==
+OCaml拥有的语言特性：
+*垃圾回收（garbage collection）
+*首类函数（first-class functions）可以像常规的值一样传递
+*静态类型检查（static type-checking）
+*参数化多态（parametric polymorphism）允许构造抽象涵盖不同数据类型，类似 [[C Sharp|C#]] 泛型和 [[C++]] 模板特性
+*支持不可变编程（immutable programming）
+*自动类型推断（automaticc type inference）
+*通过[https://v2.ocaml.org/manual/gadts-tutorial.html 通用代数数学类型（Generalized algebraic datatypes）GADTs] 和模式匹配（pattern matching）定义和管理复杂数据结构
 ==指南==
+[https://ocamlverse.github.io/ OCamlverse] Documenting everything about OCaml
+Windows
+[https://protz.github.io/ocaml-installer/ OCaml on Windows]
 完成第一个OCaml程序，Hello World!，创建test.ml文件，包含：
   let _=print_endline "hello world!"
@@ 第23行： / 第37行： @@
    ./test
 REPL
- $ ocmal 或 $ utop
+  $ ocmal 或 $ utop // eval $(opam config env)
    utop # let () = print_endline "Hello OCaml World!";;
    Hello OCaml World!
@@ 第51行： / 第65行： @@
 ==项目==
 [https://github.com/rizo/awesome-ocaml Awesome OCaml] [[image:awesome.png]]
-*[https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/ecosystem.html OCaml ecosystem] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/compilers.html Compilers, Typecheckers, and Parsers]
+[[文件:FStarLang-logo.png|right|FStarLang]]
+*[https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml OCaml @ GitHub]
+*[https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/ecosystem.html OCaml ecosystem] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/compilers.html Compilers, Typecheckers, and Parsers] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/security.html Security and Cryptography] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/static_analysis.html Static Analysis] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/testing.html Testing] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/software_verification.html Formal Software Verification] [https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/protocols.html Protocols]
 *[https://forge.ocamlcore.org/ OCaml Forge] Deprecating the Forge in 2017
 *[https://github.com/OCamlPro OCamlPro]
 *[https://github.com/ocamllabs/ OCaml Labs]
-*[https://github.com/janestreet Jane Street @ GitHub]
+*[[F*]] A Proof-oriented Programming Language
+*[https://github.com/jrh13/hol-light/ The HOL Light theorem prover]
+*[https://dune.build/ Dune] is a build system for OCaml projects with support for [[Reason]] and [[Coq]]
+*[https://github.com/ocsigen Ocsigen] Multi-tier programming for Web and mobile apps
 *[https://github.com/BinaryAnalysisPlatform/bap Binary Analysis Platform]
-*[https://coq.inria.fr/ Coq]
+*[[Coq]] [https://github.com/mit-plv Programming Languages and Verification Group at MIT CSAIL]
 *[https://github.com/savonet/liquidsoap Liquidsoap] Audio & Video Streaming Language
 *[https://github.com/owlbarn Owl] - OCaml Scientific Computing
 *[https://github.com/mirage MirageOS] 一个用于构建安全、高性能网络应用的库（library）操作系统
-*[https://github.com/reasonml/reason Reason] 是一门基于 OCaml 强大类型系统的编程语言，并拥有让 [[JavaScript]] 和 C 语言家族开发者所熟悉的语法。
+*[https://github.com/rescript-lang/rescript-compiler ReScript Compiler]
+*[[Reason]] 是一门基于 OCaml 强大类型系统的编程语言，并拥有让 [[JavaScript]] 和 C 语言家族开发者所熟悉的语法。
+*[https://github.com/esy/esy esy] Easy package management for native Reason, OCaml and more
+*[https://aeternity.com/#sophia aeternity Sophia] is a Ocaml-like language with syntax mostly resembling that of Reason.
 *[https://github.com/mirage/irmin Irmin]数据库
 *[https://github.com/mirage/ocaml-cohttp ocaml-cohttp] 非常轻量的HTTP server
@@ 第67行： / 第89行： @@
 *[https://github.com/docker/datakit datakit] from [[Docker]] team.
 *[https://github.com/docker/vpnkit vpnkit] from [[Docker]] team.
-*[https://github.com/janestreet/core Jane Street Capital's standard library overlay]
 *[https://github.com/realworldocaml/ Real World OCaml]
 *[https://github.com/ocsigen ocsigen]
@@ 第73行： / 第94行： @@
 *[https://github.com/moby/datakit DataKit] -- Orchestrate applications using a Git-like dataflow
 *[https://github.com/bcpierce00/unison Unison File Synchronizer]
-Facebook也发布了一些OCaml开源项目
+*[https://blog.janestreet.com/deep-learning-experiments-in-ocaml/ Deep learning experiments in OCaml] [https://github.com/LaurentMazare/tensorflow-ocaml TensorFlow OCaml bindings]
+*[https://github.com/input-output-hk/qeditas-ledgertheory Ledger Theory] Coq开发的轻量级加密账本理论
+Jane Street 开源的 Ocaml 项目
+*[https://github.com/janestreet Jane Street @ GitHub]
+*[https://github.com/janestreet/core Jane Street Capital's standard library overlay]
+*[https://github.com/janestreet/hardcaml Hardcaml] is an OCaml library for designing hardware.
+*[https://github.com/janestreet/incr_dom Incr_dom]: a library for writing dynamic web-apps [https://blog.janestreet.com/a-tutorial-for-building-web-applications-with-incrdom/ A tutorial for building web applications with Incr_dom]
+Facebook 开源的 OCaml 项目
 *[https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/tree/master/hphp/hack Hack] is a programming language for [[HHVM]]
 *[https://github.com/facebook/flow flow] Adds static typing to JavaScript to improve developer productivity and code quality.
@@ 第79行： / 第107行： @@
 *[https://github.com/facebook/infer Infer] is a static analysis tool for Java, Objective-C and C, written in OCaml.
 *[https://github.com/facebook/pfff pfff] Tools for code analysis, visualizations, or style-preserving source transformation.
-==课程==
-*[https://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs3110/2014sp/lecture_notes.php CS 3110 Spring 2014 :: Data Structures and Functional Programming]
 ==文档==
+*[https://ocaml.xyz/tutorial/ Owl Online Tutorials] FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING MEETS DATA SCIENCE
 *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2004-2008/2008/slides/MadhavapeddyAnil.pdf Xen and the art of OCaml]
 *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2004-2008/2007/slides/XavierLeroy.pdf Some uses of Caml in industry]
@@ 第92行： / 第118行： @@
 *[https://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B013W98L4C Real World OCaml] [https://realworldocaml.org/ 在线阅读]
 *[http://book.huihoo.com/developing-applications-with-objective-caml/ Developing applications with Objective Caml]
+*[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/3030976440 OCaml Scientific Computing]
+*[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0957671113 More OCaml: Algorithms, Methods & Diversions]
-==开发者==
+==开发==
+*[https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/trunk/HACKING.adoc Hacking the compiler]
+*[https://github.com/ocamllabs/compiler-hacking/wiki/Compiler-or-Language-projects-to-work-on Compiler or Language projects to work on]
 *[https://www.zhihu.com/people/hongbo_zhang 张宏波] 前[https://github.com/ocaml OCaml编译器]核心作者, [https://github.com/bloomberg/bucklescript BuckleScript] 作者。
+==课程==
+*[https://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs3110/2014sp/lecture_notes.php CS 3110 Spring 2014 :: Data Structures and Functional Programming]
 ==用户==
@@ 第108行： / 第141行： @@
 image:lexifi-ide.png|LexiFi IDE
 image:owl-architecture.png|owl架构
+image:ocaml-owl-library.png|owl库
+image:ocaml-compiler-pipeline.png|OCaml编译器
 </gallery>
 ==链接==
 *[https://ocaml.org/ OCaml官网]
-*[https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml OCaml @ GitHub]
 *[https://ocaml.org/community/planet/ OCaml Planet]
+*[https://blog.janestreet.com/using-ocaml-to-drive-a-raspberry-pi-robot-car/ Using OCaml to drive a Raspberry Pi robot car]
 *[https://ocaml.org/learn/tutorials/index.zh.html OCaml中文教程]
 *[https://caml.inria.fr/ The Caml language]
@@ 第125行： / 第160行： @@
 [[category:ML]]
 [[category:lambda]]
+[[category:Huihoo Foundation]]

OCaml

2022年10月19日 (三) 02:33的最后版本

目录

[编辑] 简介

[编辑] 功能

[编辑] 指南

[编辑] 常见问题

[编辑] 项目

[编辑] 文档

[编辑] 书籍

[编辑] 开发

[编辑] 课程

[编辑] 用户

[编辑] 图集

[编辑] 链接

个人工具

名字空间

变换

查看

操作

搜索

导航

工具箱