MariaDB

您可以在Wikipedia上了解到此条目的英文信息 MariaDB Thanks, Wikipedia.

MariaDB

简介

MariaDB is a community developed branch of MySQL. It's a branch of MySQL (ie, we are keeping our code in sync with MySQL) and contains in addition the Maria storage engine, updated version of other storage engines and extensions.

版本策略:目前所有MariaDB发行版都基于 MySQL 5.1. 当 MySQL 5.5 或 MySQL 5.6 变成 RC , 将切换到 MariaDB beta 版并基于RC版本上.

新闻

Google 已将 MySQL 迁移 MariaDB，Google 将其主要用于广告业务。
维基百科正式从MySQL迁移到MariaDB数据库 2013.04
Wikipedia数据库开始从MySQL迁移到MariaDB 2012.12

自https://mariadb.org/planet-rss加载RSS失败或RSS源被墙

版本

MariaDB Releases

MariaDB tree	MySQL tree
5.1	5.1
5.2	5.1
5.3	5.1
5.5	5.5
10.0	5.5, partly 5.6

MariaDB 每年会发布一个 GA 稳定版 MariaDB 基金会也保证每个版本都会至少维护5年，可以理解为 Long Term Support (LTS)。

10.x

MariaDB 10.x 分支：

10.0

5.5

MariaDB 5.5.30 包含 MariaDB 5.3.12 和 MySQL 5.5.30

5.4

5.3

MariaDB 5.3 将基于 MySQL 5.1 或 MySQL 5.6

5.2

MariaDB 5.2 基于 MySQL 5.1

主要的新功能有:

Storage-engine-specific CREATE TABLE
Pluggable Authentication
Segmented Key Cache; Speeds up MyISAM tables a LOT!
Extended User Statistics
Virtual Columns
New storage engines: OQGRAPH and Sphinx.
Speed optimizations

5.1

MariaDB 5.1 基于 MySQL 5.1

主要的新功能有:

XtraDB a drop-in replacement for InnoDB based on the InnoDB_plugin. This is enabled by default and gives you the speed comparable to MySQL 5.5 today.
New storage engines: PBXT, FederatedX (drop-in replacement for Federated) and Aria.
Pool of Threads: Allows you to have 100,000+ connections.
Table elimination: Optimizer enhancement.
More information in the logs for better troubleshooting.
Speed optimizations

指南

OS X

brew info mariadb
brew install mariadb // 通过 Homebrew 安装, brew services start mariadb 和 brew services stop mariadb
unset TMPDIR
cd /usr/local/Cellar/mariadb/10.0.14_1/
mysql_install_db
mysql.server start
mysql_secure_installation
mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> select @@version;
+-----------------+
| @@version       |
+-----------------+
| 10.0.14-MariaDB |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Installing MariaDB 10.0.10 on Mac OS X with Homebrew

升级

brew update
brew upgrade mariadb

Debian

How to Install MariaDB 10.7 on Debian 11 Bullseye

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install mariadb-server
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
$ sudo mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
$ sudo systemctl status mariadb
$ sudo mysqladmin version
$ mysqladmin -u admin -p version

选择其它仓库：Setting up MariaDB Repositories

CentOS

How To Install MariaDB on CentOS 8

$ sudo yum install libmariadb-dev 也安装上开发工具包

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation 设置 root 密码等

Container

Creating a Custom Docker Image

编译

cd $maria-source-dir 
BUILD/autorun.sh
./configure
make
sudo make install

sudo chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3307 --user=mysql &
./bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password'

项目

存储引擎

MariaDB Storage Engines

CONNECT

CONNECT storage engine

sudo apt-get install mariadb-plugin-connect
or sudo yum install MariaDB-connect-engine
MariaDB [mysql]> show plugins;

FederatedX

FederatedX Storage Engine

MariaDB [mysql]> INSTALL SONAME 'ha_federatedx';

MyRocks

MyRocks 是一个 MariaDB 存储引擎，它将 RocksDB 数据库添加到 MariaDB 中。RocksDB 是一个LSM数据库，具有很好的压缩比，针对闪存进行了优化。

sudo apt-get install mariadb-plugin-rocksdb
or sudo yum install MariaDB-rocksdb-engine
MariaDB [mysql]> INSTALL SONAME 'ha_rocksdb';
SHOW PLUGINS;
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rocksdb_supported_compression_types';

Spider

Spider storage engine

Comparing Spider to Features in Other Databases

Database	Feature
Oracle	Database Links
Microsoft SQL Server	Linked Servers
SAP/Sybase	Remote Servers and Proxy Tables
PostgreSQL	Foreign Data Wrappers
MySQL	FEDERATED Storage Engine

Cassandra

Cassandra Storage Engine is no longer actively being developed and has been removed in MariaDB 10.6

MariaDB Cassandra Storage Engine
MariaDB的Cassandra存储引擎，允许MariaDB通过标准SQL语法使用Cassandra集群。

ColumnStore

ColumnStore @ GitHub
MariaDB ColumnStore
此列式存储是基于 InfiniDB 4.6.7 并移植到 MariaDB 的

Amazon

Amazon RDS for MariaDB

.NET

Connector/Net is a fully-managed ADO.NET driver for MySQL.
MariaDB Connector/NET

MaxScale

MaxScale @ GitHub

Xpand

连接器

MariaDB R2DBC connector R2DBC – Reactive Relational Database Connectivity

管理

Graphical and Enhanced Clients

解决方案

High Availability & Performance Tuning replication, clustering, multi-master and performance tuning solutions. OLTP（InnoDB），OLAP（ColumnStore），HTAP（MaxScale）解决方案：

MariaDB Platform X3
Vitess MySQL Cluster
MariaDB TX for OLTP
MariaDB AX for OLAP
Galera Cluster MariaDB Galera Cluster
How to setup HAProxy as Load Balancer for MariaDB on CentOS 7

SkySQL

MariaDB Enterprise Server Storage Engines

Engine	Target	Optimization	Availability
Aria	Read-Heavy	Reads	ES10.2+
ColumnStore	Analytics, HTAP	Big Data, Analytical	ES10.4+
InnoDB	General Purpose	Mixed Read/Write	ES10.2+
MyISAM	Reads	Reads	ES10.2+
MyRocks	Write-Heavy	I/O Reduction, SSD	ES10.3+
S3	Cloud	Read-Only	ES10.3+
Spider	Federation	Sharding, Interlink	ES10.3+
Xpand	Distributed SQL	Scale-Out, Fault Tolerance	ES10.5+