Grails

Grails关注将"规约编程"(coding by convention)引入Groovy。它是一个开放源网络应用构架，对Groovy语言起到杠杆作用，并且对Java网络开发起到补足作用。你可以用Grails 作为独立开发环境, 它隐藏了所有的配置细节，也可以将它同和入你的Java商务逻辑。

Grails关注与使开发最简化，而且Grails的解决方案来自于广泛的开发者，不只局限于Java社区。

Grails构建在开源技术如Spring、Hibernate和SiteMesh之上，提供了一个类似于Rails 的平台可以与Java平台无缝集成. Groovy是一种“动态”或指令语言。动态语言一般用来加速和简化程序撰写。与Python或Ruby等其他指令语言不同的是，用Groovy撰写的程序，可与Java虚拟器结合。

Install

wget http://download.huihoo.com/grails/grails-bin-1.0.1.zip
GRAILS_HOME= C:\grails-1.0.1 or /usr/local/grails-1.0.1 
Add the "%GRAILS_HOME%\bin" directory to your PATH environment variable
Add the "%GRAILS_HOME%\ant\bin directory to your PATH environment variable.

grails create-app
input project name: my-project
cd my-project
grails create-domain-class
input domain name: Book

my-project\grails-app\domain\Book.groovy

class Book {
   String title
   String author
}

my-project\grails-app\conf\BootStrap.groovy

class BootStrap {

   def init = { servletContext ->
       // Create some test data
       new Book(author:"Stephen King",title:"The Shining").save()
       new Book(author:"James Patterson",title:"Along Came a Spider").save()
   }
   def destroy = {
   }
}

my-project\grails-app\controllers\BookController.groovy

class BookController {
    def scaffold = Book
}
grails run-app
http://localhost:8080/my-project/
http://localhost:8080/my-project/book
运行成功 :)

To upgrade your existing Grails projects you must run:

grails clean
grails upgrade

NetBeans

http://wiki.netbeans.org/groovy

CRUD

Create

def p = new Person(name:"Jack", age:32, lastVisit:new Date())
p.save()

Read

def p = Person.get(1)
assert 1 == p.id

Update

def p = Person.get(1)
p.name = "Peter"
p.save()

Delete

def p = Person.get(1)
p.delete()

GORM

One-to-one

class Face {
    Nose nose
}
class Nose {	 
	static belongsTo = [face:Face]
}
new Face(nose:new Nose()).save() // ok

def f = Face.get(1)
f.delete() // both Face and Nose deleted

One-to-many

class Author {
   static hasMany = [ books : Book ]
   String name 
} 
class Book { 
   static belongsTo = [author:Author] 
   String title 
}

Many-to-many

class Book {
  static belongsTo = Author
  static hasMany = [authors:Author]
  String title
}
class Author {
  static hasMany = [books:Book]
  String name
}

GPath: Groovy's ability to manipulate collections via GPath and methods like sort, findAll and so on combined with GORM results in a powerful combination.

def books = Book.list()
def books = Book.list(offset:10, max:20)
def books = Book.list(sort:"title", order:"asc")
def book = Book.get(23)
def books = Book.getAll(23, 93, 81)
def book = Book.findByTitle("The Stand")

Usage

grails help

grails bootstrap
grails bug-report
grails clean
grails compile
grails console
grails create-app
grails create-controller
grails create-domain-class
grails create-integration-test
grails create-plugin
grails create-script
grails create-service
grails create-tag-lib
grails create-unit-test
grails doc
grails generate-all
grails generate-controller
grails generate-views
grails help
grails init
grails install-plugin
grails install-templates
grails list-plugins
grails package
grails package-plugin
grails package-plugins
grails plugin-info
grails release-plugin
grails run-app
grails run-app-https
grails set-proxy
grails set-version
grails shell
grails stats
grails test-app
grails upgrade
grails war

Plugins

grails list-plugins

To find more info about plugin type 'grails plugin-info [NAME]'

To install type 'grails install-plugin [NAME] [VERSION]'

grails install-plugin yui 2.5.0

For further info visit http://grails.org/Plugins

GSP

<html>
   <body>
    <%-- This is my comment --%>  //  <%="Hello GSP!" %>  JSP-style comment
    <%="Hello GSP!" %> 
   </body>
</html>
<%@ page import="java.awt.*" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/json" %>

GSP Tags

<g:example attr="${new Date()}" attr2="[one:'one', two:'two']">
   Hello world
</g:example>

Ext

Grails Ext Userinterface

grails install-plugin ext or grails install-plugin ext 2.0.2
Ext has installed under your project's /web-app/js/ext/2.0.2

More Detail: http://grails.org/Ext+Plugin

Using ExtJS Layouts with Grails Layouts

GWT

grails install-plugin gwt
grails create-gwt-module <module> 
grails compile-gwt-modules
grails create-gwt-page
grails events
grails run-gwt-client

More Detail: http://www.grails.org/GWT+Plugin

JSON

def list = {
	def results = Book.list()
	render(contentType:"text/json") {
		books {
			for(b in results) {
				book(title:b.title)
			}
		}	
	}
}

Result

[
	{title:"ActiveRecord Tutorial"}, 
	{title:"Grails Tutorial"}
]

Tutorials

Build Your First Grails Project: A Grails-Powered Blog

NetBeans

Groovy and Grails 在开发版中已经可用 http://wiki.netbeans.org/groovy

开发版: http://deadlock.netbeans.org/hudson/job/trunk/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/nbbuild/dist/zip/

REST

As an example the following mappings provide a RESTful API URL mappings for the BookController:

static mappings = {
   "/product/$id"(controller:"product"){
       action = [GET:"show", PUT:"update", DELETE:"delete", POST:"save"]
   }	
}

Samples

http://svn.codehaus.org/grails/trunk/grails-samples/

Grails

目录

Install

NetBeans

CRUD

GORM

Usage

Plugins

GSP

Ext

GWT

JSON

Tutorials

NetBeans

REST

相关项目

Samples

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名字空间

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