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Haskell
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{{SeeWikipedia|Haskell (programming language)}} | {{SeeWikipedia|Haskell (programming language)}} | ||
− | + | Haskell | |
+ | [[文件:haskell-logo.png|right]] | ||
− | + | ==简介== | |
+ | [[文件:Haskell-Logo.png|right]] | ||
− | + | Haskell,一门开源通用型纯粹函数式编程语言(Apache v2),其特性有:静态类型,高阶函数,多态,型别类,以及单子式副作用等,Haskell 编译器几乎在每一种计算机上都可以运行。 | |
+ | |||
+ | Haskell 具有“证明即程序、命题为类型”的特征。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | C++11 的 Concepts、C# 的 LINQ、Java 中的泛型、Scala、CoffeeScript、F#、Python、Swift 等语言都从中受到启发和得到灵感。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Haskell 在工业界有不少应用,最集中的是在金融界的高频交易。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 更多应用:[[Haskell ecosystem]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | [https://www.futurelearn.com/info/courses/functional-programming-haskell/0/steps/27218 Brief History of Haskell] [https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/functional-programming-haskell Functional Programming in Haskell: Supercharge Your Coding] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Why Haskell== | ||
+ | [https://serokell.io/blog/10-reasons-to-use-haskell 10 Reasons to Use Haskell] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==版本== | ||
+ | [https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/wikis/GHC-status GHC Status] | ||
+ | |||
+ | 支持的语言: | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/ghc-proposals/ghc-proposals/blob/master/proposals/0380-ghc2021.rst GHC2021] | ||
+ | *[https://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/haskell2010/ Haskell2010] [http://haskell.org/definition/haskell2010.pdf Haskell 2010 Language Report] | ||
+ | *[https://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/ Haskell98] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==现状== | ||
+ | *[https://taylor.fausak.me/2022/11/18/haskell-survey-results/ 2022 State of Haskell Survey Results] | ||
+ | *[https://taylor.fausak.me/2021/11/16/haskell-survey-results/ 2021 State of Haskell Survey results] | ||
+ | *[https://taylor.fausak.me/2020/11/22/haskell-survey-results/ 2020 State of Haskell Survey results] | ||
+ | *[https://taylor.fausak.me/2019/11/16/haskell-survey-results/ 2019 State of Haskell Survey results] | ||
+ | *[https://taylor.fausak.me/2018/11/18/2018-state-of-haskell-survey-results/ 2018 State of Haskell Survey results] | ||
+ | *[https://taylor.fausak.me/2017/11/15/2017-state-of-haskell-survey-results/ 2017 State of Haskell Survey results] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==功能== | ||
+ | [https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/haskell.html Haskell GHC versus Java/F#/OCaml fastest programs] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==指南== | ||
+ | ===OS X=== | ||
+ | OS X安装包安装后,会创建: | ||
+ | /Library/Frameworks/GHC.framework | ||
+ | /Library/Haskell | ||
+ | 运行 /Library/Haskell/bin/activate-hs | ||
+ | Haskell now set to: | ||
+ | GHC 7.10.2 | ||
+ | Arch. x86_64 | ||
+ | Platform 7.10.2-a | ||
+ | 运行 /Library/Haskell/bin/cabal | ||
+ | /Users/huihoo/.cabal/config | ||
+ | /Users/huihoo/Library/Haskell/bin | ||
+ | vim ~/.bash_profile | ||
+ | export PATH="$HOME/Library/Haskell/bin:$PATH" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===GHC=== | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/ghc-proposals/ghc-proposals GHC Proposals] | ||
+ | *[https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc GHC GitLab] [https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/wikis/team-ghc GHC Team] [https://ghc.gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/doc/ GHC Documentation] | ||
+ | *GHC 的 LLVM 部分衍生自 Essential Haskell Compiler(EHC) 项目,[https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/wikis/commentary/compiler/backends GHC Backends] [https://llvm.org/pubs/2008-06-CompilingHaskelltoLLVM.pdf Compiling Haskell to LLVM] | ||
+ | |||
+ | 已安装的 ghc 版本,使用了 [https://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/README/ Haskell Tool Stack] | ||
+ | ls $(stack path --programs)/*.installed | ||
+ | /home/huihoo/.stack/programs/x86_64-linux/ghc-tinfo6-8.10.7.installed | ||
+ | /home/huihoo/.stack/programs/x86_64-linux/ghc-tinfo6-8.8.4.installed | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ghci=== | ||
+ | [https://tryhaskell.org Try Haskell] | ||
+ | |||
+ | 输入ghci进入GHC交互模式 | ||
+ | ghci> [2,4..20] | ||
+ | [2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20] | ||
+ | ghci> [x * 2 | x <- [1..10]] // 列表推导式(list comprehension) | ||
+ | [2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20] | ||
+ | ghci> [x | x <- [10..20], x /= 13, x /= 15, x /= 19] // 多个谓词(predicate) | ||
+ | [10,11,12,14,16,17,18,20] | ||
+ | ghci> [0.1, 0.3 .. 1] | ||
+ | [0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.8999999999999999,1.0999999999999999] | ||
+ | ghci> [x | x <- [50..100], x `mod` 7 == 3] | ||
+ | [52,59,66,73,80,87,94] | ||
+ | vim factorial.hs // 创建一个函数并保存文件 | ||
+ | factorial :: Integer -> Integer | ||
+ | factorial n = product [1..n] | ||
+ | ghci> :l factorial | ||
+ | ghci> factorial 50 | ||
+ | 30414093201713378043612608166064768844377641568960512000000000000 | ||
+ | ghci> :t 3 | ||
+ | ghci> :i Int | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Package== | ||
+ | [[文件:Cabal-dark.png|right|Cabal]] | ||
+ | *[https://cabal.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html Cabal] is the standard package system for Haskell software. | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/haskell/hackage-server Hackage-Server] A Haskell Package Repository | ||
+ | *[https://www.stackage.org/ Stable Haskell package sets] | ||
+ | *[https://www.haskell.org/ghcup/ GHCup] Install or update GHC/Cabal/HLS/Stack | ||
==项目== | ==项目== | ||
+ | [[文件:hamler-logo.png|right]] | ||
+ | [[文件:postgrest-request-flow.png|right]] | ||
+ | [https://github.com/krispo/awesome-haskell Awesome Haskell] [[image:awesome.png]] | ||
+ | [[文件:haskell-ide.png|right]] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/haskellfoundation Haskell Foundation] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/ghc/ghc Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC)] | ||
+ | *[https://wiki.haskell.org/Applications_and_libraries Applications and libraries] | ||
+ | *[https://hackage.haskell.org/ Haskell Package Repository] | ||
+ | *[https://mpickering.github.io/ide/index.html Haskell IDE] [https://github.com/haskell/haskell-language-server Haskell language server] [https://github.com/haskell/haskell-ide-engine Haskell IDE Engine (HIE)] | ||
*[[ImplicitCAD]] | *[[ImplicitCAD]] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/blockapps BlockApps] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/GaloisInc Galois, Inc.] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/haskoin/haskoin haskoin] [[Bitcoin]]协议实现 | ||
+ | *[http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/#cat:Language Language & DSL] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/bjpop/berp Berp] an implementation of [[Python]] 3 | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/intoverflow/Potential Potential] x86-64 assembly as a Haskell EDSL | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/tathougies/hos Hos] A Haskell operating system | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/ndmitchell/shake Shake] [[build automation|build system]] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/acowley/Frames Frames] Data Frames for Haskell | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/jgm/gitit Gitit] A wiki using HAppS, pandoc, and git | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/digitallyinduced/ihp IHP] is a modern batteries-included haskell web framework, built on top of Haskell and Nix. | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/PostgREST/postgrest PostgREST] [[REST]] [[API]] for any [[PostgreSQL]] database | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/bitemyapp/esqueleto Esqueleto] a [[SQL]] [[DSL]] for Haskell | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/commercialhaskell/stack The Haskell Tool Stack] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==语言== | ||
+ | *[https://wiki.haskell.org/Applications_and_libraries/Compilers_and_interpreters Compilers and interpreters] [https://wiki.haskell.org/Foreign_Function_Interface Foreign Function Interface (FFI)] | ||
+ | *[[Agda]] | ||
+ | *[http://elm-lang.org/ Elm语言] [https://github.com/elm/compiler Elm Compiler] | ||
+ | *[https://www.mathstat.dal.ca/~selinger/quipper/ Quipper: A Scalable Quantum Programming Language] | ||
+ | *[https://www.hamler-lang.org/ Hamler] Haskell-style functional programming language running on [[Erlang VM]]. | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/typelead/eta Eta] Modern Haskell on the [[JVM]] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/purescript PureScript] A small strongly, statically typed language which compiles to [[JavaScript]] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/idris-lang/Idris-dev Idris] A Dependently Typed Functional Programming Language | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/copilot-language/copilot Copilot] Stream [[DSL]] for hard real-time runtime verification | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/Frege/frege Frege] is a Haskell for the [[JVM]] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/bjpop/berp/ Berp] an implementation of Python 3 | ||
+ | *[https://www.mathematik.uni-marburg.de/~eden/ Eden] Parallel Functional Programming with Haskell | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/lambdacube3d/lambdacube-compiler LambdaCube] [[Compiler]] for LambdaCube 3D | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==用户服务商== | ||
+ | [https://wiki.haskell.org/Haskell_in_industry Haskell in industry] | ||
+ | *[https://well-typed.com/ Well-Typed] The Haskell Consultants | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==STEM== | ||
+ | *STEM 教育可分为三部分:入门、进阶和实践,参考:[https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Haskell Haskell :: 带类型的函数式编程] | ||
+ | *[https://docs.huihoo.com/haskell/functional-programming/ Functional Programming] 推荐 | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/sdiehl/write-you-a-haskell Write You a Haskell] Building a modern functional compiler from first principles. | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/wimvanderbauwhede/HaskellMOOC Functional Programming in Haskell] | ||
+ | *[https://github.com/sdiehl/wiwinwlh What I Wish I Knew When Learning Haskell] | ||
+ | *[https://blog.ocharles.org.uk/blog/pages/2014-12-01-24-days-of-ghc-extensions.html 24 Days of GHC Extensions] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==文档== | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/erlang/conference/euc2016/Into-the-Core-Squeezing-Haskell-into-Nine-Constructors.pdf Into the Core Squeezing Haskell into nine constructors] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/infoq/qconshanghai/2015/%e6%96%b0%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e4%b8%8e%e6%96%b0%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95/QCon%e4%b8%8a%e6%b5%b72015-Haskell%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e4%b8%8e%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f-%e5%bc%a0%e6%b7%9e.pdf Haskell中的类型与类型系统] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2013/High-Availability-A-Development-Experience-Report.pdf High Availability - A Development Experience Report] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2013/Redesigning-the-Computer-for-Security.pdf Redesigning the Computer for Security] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2013/Functional-Reporting.pdf Functional Reporting] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2013/Bringing-Haskell-to-the-World.pdf Bringing Haskell to the World] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2013/Common-Pitfalls-of-Functional-Programming-and-How-to-Avoid-Them-A-Mobile-Gaming-Platform-Case-Study.pdf Common Pitfalls of Functional Programming and How to Avoid Them:A Mobile Gaming Platform Case Study] | ||
+ | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/cufp/2013/Enterprise-Scheduling-with-Haskell.pdf Enterprise Scheduling with Haskell] | ||
+ | *[https://ucsd-progsys.github.io/liquidhaskell-tutorial/ Programming with Refinement Types] An Introduction to LiquidHaskell | ||
+ | *[https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/injective-type-families-acm.pdf Injective Type Families for Haskell] | ||
==图书== | ==图书== | ||
− | *[http://book.huihoo.com/real-world-haskell/ | + | *[http://book.huihoo.com/real-world-haskell/ 《Real World Haskell》] |
+ | *[https://github.com/huangz1990/real-world-haskell-cn 《Real World Haskell》中文翻译项目] | ||
+ | *[http://learnyouahaskell.com/chapters Learn You a Haskell for Great Good!] | ||
+ | *[https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Haskell Haskell :: 带类型的函数式编程] 维基教科书(Wikibooks) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==图集== | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | image:haskell-ghcup-tui.png|ghcup tui | ||
+ | image:stack-dependency-visualization.png|依赖可视化 | ||
+ | image:nixos-stack.png|Nix Ecosystem | ||
+ | image:Haskell-GHC.jpeg|GHC编译器 | ||
+ | image:Haskell-GHC-compiler-pipeline.png|GHC编译流水线 | ||
+ | image:Haskell-GHC-lightweight-concurrency.png|GHC轻量级并发 | ||
+ | image:Haskell-Typeclassopedia-diagram.png|Typeclassopedia | ||
+ | image:Port-and-Adapter-architecture.png|端口和适配器架构 | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
==链接== | ==链接== | ||
*[http://haskell.org/ Haskell官网] | *[http://haskell.org/ Haskell官网] | ||
− | *[https://github.com/ | + | *[https://haskell.foundation/ Haskell Foundation] |
− | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/haskell/ Haskell开放文档] | + | *[https://wiki.haskell.org Haskell Wiki] |
− | *[ | + | *[https://github.com/Gabriel439/post-rfc/blob/master/sotu.md State of the Haskell ecosystem] |
− | + | *[https://downloads.haskell.org/ Haskell下载] | |
+ | *[http://code.haskell.org/ code.haskell.org] | ||
+ | *[https://docs.huihoo.com/haskell/ Haskell开放文档] | ||
+ | *[https://docs.huihoo.com/haskell/ghc/ GHC 文档] [https://downloads.haskell.org/ghc/latest/docs/ GHC 官方] | ||
*[http://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Haskell 维基教科书:Haskell] | *[http://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Haskell 维基教科书:Haskell] | ||
− | |||
*[https://phabricator.haskell.org/ Phabricator @ Haskell.org] | *[https://phabricator.haskell.org/ Phabricator @ Haskell.org] | ||
*[http://geek.csdn.net/news/detail/31923 Haskell创始人之一Paul Hudak去世] | *[http://geek.csdn.net/news/detail/31923 Haskell创始人之一Paul Hudak去世] | ||
+ | *[http://www.infoq.com/cn/interviews/paul-hudak-haskell Paul Hudak谈Haskell] | ||
*[http://www.zhihu.com/question/21922144 高频交易软硬件是怎么架构的?] | *[http://www.zhihu.com/question/21922144 高频交易软硬件是怎么架构的?] | ||
− | |||
− | |||
[[category:programming language]] | [[category:programming language]] | ||
[[category:functional programming]] | [[category:functional programming]] | ||
+ | [[category:concurrent computing]] | ||
+ | [[category:numerical analysis]] | ||
+ | [[category:lambda]] | ||
+ | [[category:haskell]] | ||
+ | [[category:Huihoo Foundation]] |
2023年4月23日 (日) 04:02的最后版本
![]() |
您可以在Wikipedia上了解到此条目的英文信息 Haskell Thanks, Wikipedia. |
Haskell
目录 |
[编辑] 简介
Haskell,一门开源通用型纯粹函数式编程语言(Apache v2),其特性有:静态类型,高阶函数,多态,型别类,以及单子式副作用等,Haskell 编译器几乎在每一种计算机上都可以运行。
Haskell 具有“证明即程序、命题为类型”的特征。
C++11 的 Concepts、C# 的 LINQ、Java 中的泛型、Scala、CoffeeScript、F#、Python、Swift 等语言都从中受到启发和得到灵感。
Haskell 在工业界有不少应用,最集中的是在金融界的高频交易。
更多应用:Haskell ecosystem
Brief History of Haskell Functional Programming in Haskell: Supercharge Your Coding
[编辑] Why Haskell
[编辑] 版本
支持的语言:
[编辑] 现状
- 2022 State of Haskell Survey Results
- 2021 State of Haskell Survey results
- 2020 State of Haskell Survey results
- 2019 State of Haskell Survey results
- 2018 State of Haskell Survey results
- 2017 State of Haskell Survey results
[编辑] 功能
Haskell GHC versus Java/F#/OCaml fastest programs
[编辑] 指南
[编辑] OS X
OS X安装包安装后,会创建:
/Library/Frameworks/GHC.framework /Library/Haskell
运行 /Library/Haskell/bin/activate-hs
Haskell now set to: GHC 7.10.2 Arch. x86_64 Platform 7.10.2-a
运行 /Library/Haskell/bin/cabal
/Users/huihoo/.cabal/config /Users/huihoo/Library/Haskell/bin
vim ~/.bash_profile
export PATH="$HOME/Library/Haskell/bin:$PATH"
[编辑] GHC
- GHC Proposals
- GHC GitLab GHC Team GHC Documentation
- GHC 的 LLVM 部分衍生自 Essential Haskell Compiler(EHC) 项目,GHC Backends Compiling Haskell to LLVM
已安装的 ghc 版本,使用了 Haskell Tool Stack
ls $(stack path --programs)/*.installed /home/huihoo/.stack/programs/x86_64-linux/ghc-tinfo6-8.10.7.installed /home/huihoo/.stack/programs/x86_64-linux/ghc-tinfo6-8.8.4.installed
[编辑] ghci
输入ghci进入GHC交互模式
ghci> [2,4..20] [2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20] ghci> [x * 2 | x <- [1..10]] // 列表推导式(list comprehension) [2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20] ghci> [x | x <- [10..20], x /= 13, x /= 15, x /= 19] // 多个谓词(predicate) [10,11,12,14,16,17,18,20] ghci> [0.1, 0.3 .. 1] [0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.8999999999999999,1.0999999999999999] ghci> [x | x <- [50..100], x `mod` 7 == 3] [52,59,66,73,80,87,94]
vim factorial.hs // 创建一个函数并保存文件
factorial :: Integer -> Integer factorial n = product [1..n] ghci> :l factorial ghci> factorial 50 30414093201713378043612608166064768844377641568960512000000000000 ghci> :t 3 ghci> :i Int
[编辑] Package
- Cabal is the standard package system for Haskell software.
- Hackage-Server A Haskell Package Repository
- Stable Haskell package sets
- GHCup Install or update GHC/Cabal/HLS/Stack
[编辑] 项目
- Haskell Foundation
- Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC)
- Applications and libraries
- Haskell Package Repository
- Haskell IDE Haskell language server Haskell IDE Engine (HIE)
- ImplicitCAD
- BlockApps
- Galois, Inc.
- haskoin Bitcoin协议实现
- Language & DSL
- Berp an implementation of Python 3
- Potential x86-64 assembly as a Haskell EDSL
- Hos A Haskell operating system
- Shake build system
- Frames Data Frames for Haskell
- Gitit A wiki using HAppS, pandoc, and git
- IHP is a modern batteries-included haskell web framework, built on top of Haskell and Nix.
- PostgREST REST API for any PostgreSQL database
- Esqueleto a SQL DSL for Haskell
- The Haskell Tool Stack
[编辑] 语言
- Compilers and interpreters Foreign Function Interface (FFI)
- Agda
- Elm语言 Elm Compiler
- Quipper: A Scalable Quantum Programming Language
- Hamler Haskell-style functional programming language running on Erlang VM.
- Eta Modern Haskell on the JVM
- PureScript A small strongly, statically typed language which compiles to JavaScript
- Idris A Dependently Typed Functional Programming Language
- Copilot Stream DSL for hard real-time runtime verification
- Frege is a Haskell for the JVM
- Berp an implementation of Python 3
- Eden Parallel Functional Programming with Haskell
- LambdaCube Compiler for LambdaCube 3D
[编辑] 用户服务商
- Well-Typed The Haskell Consultants
[编辑] STEM
- STEM 教育可分为三部分:入门、进阶和实践,参考:Haskell :: 带类型的函数式编程
- Functional Programming 推荐
- Write You a Haskell Building a modern functional compiler from first principles.
- Functional Programming in Haskell
- What I Wish I Knew When Learning Haskell
- 24 Days of GHC Extensions
[编辑] 文档
- Into the Core Squeezing Haskell into nine constructors
- Haskell中的类型与类型系统
- High Availability - A Development Experience Report
- Redesigning the Computer for Security
- Functional Reporting
- Bringing Haskell to the World
- Common Pitfalls of Functional Programming and How to Avoid Them:A Mobile Gaming Platform Case Study
- Enterprise Scheduling with Haskell
- Programming with Refinement Types An Introduction to LiquidHaskell
- Injective Type Families for Haskell
[编辑] 图书
- 《Real World Haskell》
- 《Real World Haskell》中文翻译项目
- Learn You a Haskell for Great Good!
- Haskell :: 带类型的函数式编程 维基教科书(Wikibooks)
[编辑] 图集
[编辑] 链接
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