MariaDB

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2022年3月19日 (六) 04:01Allen (讨论 | 贡献)的版本

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MariaDB

LAMP stack

目录

简介

MariaDB is a community developed branch of MySQL. It's a branch of MySQL (ie, we are keeping our code in sync with MySQL) and contains in addition the Maria storage engine, updated version of other storage engines and extensions.

版本策略:目前所有MariaDB发行版都基于 MySQL 5.1. 当 MySQL 5.5 或 MySQL 5.6 变成 RC , 将切换到 MariaDB beta 版并基于RC版本上.

Mariadb-mysql.jpg

新闻

自http://blog.mariadb.org/feed/加载RSS失败或RSS源被墙

版本

MariaDB Releases

MariaDB tree MySQL tree
5.1 5.1
5.2 5.1
5.3 5.1
5.5 5.5
10.0 5.5, partly 5.6

MariaDB 每年会发布一个 GA 稳定版 MariaDB 基金会也保证每个版本都会至少维护5年,可以理解为 Long Term Support (LTS)。

Mariadb-general-release-maintenance-periods.png

10.x

MariaDB 10.x 分支:

10.0

5.5

MariaDB 5.5.30 包含 MariaDB 5.3.12 和 MySQL 5.5.30

5.4

5.3

MariaDB 5.3 将基于 MySQL 5.1 或 MySQL 5.6

5.2

MariaDB 5.2 基于 MySQL 5.1

主要的新功能有:

  • Storage-engine-specific CREATE TABLE
  • Pluggable Authentication
  • Segmented Key Cache; Speeds up MyISAM tables a LOT!
  • Extended User Statistics
  • Virtual Columns
  • New storage engines: OQGRAPH and Sphinx.
  • Speed optimizations

5.1

MariaDB 5.1 基于 MySQL 5.1

主要的新功能有:

  • XtraDB a drop-in replacement for InnoDB based on the InnoDB_plugin. This is enabled by default and gives you the speed comparable to MySQL 5.5 today.
  • New storage engines: PBXT, FederatedX (drop-in replacement for Federated) and Aria.
  • Pool of Threads: Allows you to have 100,000+ connections.
  • Table elimination: Optimizer enhancement.
  • More information in the logs for better troubleshooting.
  • Speed optimizations

指南

OS X

brew info mariadb
brew install mariadb // 通过 Homebrew 安装, brew services start mariadb 和 brew services stop mariadb
unset TMPDIR
cd /usr/local/Cellar/mariadb/10.0.14_1/
mysql_install_db
mysql.server start
mysql_secure_installation
mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> select @@version;
+-----------------+
| @@version       |
+-----------------+
| 10.0.14-MariaDB |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

升级

brew update
brew upgrade mariadb

Debian

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install mariadb-server
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
$ sudo mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
$ sudo systemctl status mariadb
$ sudo mysqladmin version
$ mysqladmin -u admin -p version

选择其它仓库:Setting up MariaDB Repositories

CentOS

How To Install MariaDB on CentOS 8

$ sudo yum install libmariadb-dev 也安装上开发工具包

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation 设置 root 密码等

Container

Creating a Custom Docker Image

编译

cd $maria-source-dir 
BUILD/autorun.sh
./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3307 --user=mysql &
./bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password'

存储引擎

MariaDB Storage Engines

CONNECT

CONNECT storage engine

sudo apt-get install mariadb-plugin-connect
or sudo yum install MariaDB-connect-engine
MariaDB [mysql]> show plugins;

Archive

ARCHIVE storage engine

MariaDB [mysql]> INSTALL PLUGIN Archive SONAME 'ha_archive.so';

FederatedX

FederatedX Storage Engine

MariaDB [mysql]> INSTALL SONAME 'ha_federatedx';

MyRocks

MyRocks 是一个 MariaDB 存储引擎,它将 RocksDB 数据库添加到 MariaDB 中。RocksDB 是一个LSM数据库,具有很好的压缩比,针对闪存进行了优化。

sudo apt-get install mariadb-plugin-rocksdb
or sudo yum install MariaDB-rocksdb-engine
MariaDB [mysql]> INSTALL SONAME 'ha_rocksdb';
SHOW PLUGINS;
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rocksdb_supported_compression_types';

Spider

Spider storage engine

Comparing Spider to Features in Other Databases

Database Feature
Oracle Database Links
Microsoft SQL Server Linked Servers
SAP/Sybase Remote Servers and Proxy Tables
PostgreSQL Foreign Data Wrappers
MySQL FEDERATED Storage Engine

Cassandra

Cassandra Storage Engine is no longer actively being developed and has been removed in MariaDB 10.6

ColumnStore

MariaDB ColumnStore

此列式存储是基于 InfiniDB 4.6.7 并移植到 MariaDB 的

Amazon

.NET

MaxScale

连接器

管理

Graphical and Enhanced Clients

解决方案

MariaDB-Galera-Cluster.png

High Availability & Performance Tuning replication, clustering, multi-master and performance tuning solutions. OLTP(InnoDB),OLAP(ColumnStore),HTAP(MaxScale)解决方案:

SkySQL

MariaDB Enterprise Server Storage Engines

Engine Target Optimization Availability
Aria Read-Heavy Reads ES10.2+
ColumnStore Analytics, HTAP Big Data, Analytical ES10.4+
InnoDB General Purpose Mixed Read/Write ES10.2+
MyISAM Reads Reads ES10.2+
MyRocks Write-Heavy I/O Reduction, SSD ES10.3+
S3 Cloud Read-Only ES10.3+
Spider Federation Sharding, Interlink ES10.3+
Xpand Distributed SQL Scale-Out, Fault Tolerance ES10.5+

GIS

Geographic & Geometric Features

安全加密

后端存储

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用户

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