Package manager

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2010年9月19日 (日) 12:07Allen (讨论 | 贡献)的版本

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A package management system is a collection of tools to automate the process of installing, upgrading, configuring, and removing software packages from a computer.

Examples

Free software systems

模板:See also By the nature of free software, packages under similar and compatible licenses are available for use on a number of operating systems. These packages can be easily combined and distributed using configurable and internally complex packaging systems to handle many permutations of software and manage version-specific dependencies and conflicts. Some packaging systems of free software are also themselves released as free software.

For binary packages
For installing from a recipe
  • Portage and emerge are used by Gentoo Linux. They were inspired by the BSD ports system and use scripts called ebuilds to install software.
  • A recipe file contains information on how to download, unpack, compile and install a package in GoboLinux distribution using its Compile tool.
Hybrid systems
Meta package managers

The following unify package management for several or all Linux and sometimes Unix variants. These, too, are based on the concept of a recipe file.

  • klik aims to provide an easy way of getting software packages for most major distributions without the dependency problems so common in many other package formats.
  • Autopackage uses .package files.
  • epm, developed by Easy Software Products (creators of CUPS), is a "meta packager", that allows to create native packages for all Linux and Unix operating systems (.deb, .rpm, .tgz for Linux, pkg for Solaris and *BSD, .dmg for OS X,...) controlled from a single *.list file.
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