Smalltalk

2022年9月4日 (日) 09:46的最后版本

您可以在Wikipedia上了解到此条目的英文信息 Smalltalk Thanks, Wikipedia.

Samlltalk

[编辑] 简介

Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 年,The Story of Smalltalk

Smalltalk is a vision
Smalltalk has few concepts
Smalltalk is an environment
Smalltalk is a big system
Smalltalk as an operating system

Smalltalk 不仅仅是一门语言。Smalltalk-80 最初是作为一个完整的操作系统交付的，旨在运行在一台裸机上。Smalltalk-80 包含 virtual machine 规范。

I like it... It’s nice and clean and simple and pretty. Nice stuff!

— Alan Kay

Smalltalk 是 70 年代初期美国 XEROX 公司开发的，它不仅是一门编程语言，一个窗口系统，也是一个完整的编程环境，一个集编程、调试、运行和输出为一体的统一环境。

Smalltalk 创立了面向对象的思想并一直沿用至今。

Smalltalk is the consummate teaching language, Smalltalk is OOP done right.

The best way to predict the future is to invent it! -Alan Kay

Smalltalk，被公认为历史上第二个面向对象的程序设计语言，和第一个真正的集成开发环境（IDE）。

Smalltalk对其它众多的程序设计语言的产生起到了极大的推动作用，主要有：C++，C#，Objective-C，Actor，Java和Ruby等。90年代的许多软件开发思想得利于Smalltalk，例如设计模式、敏捷编程和代码重构等。

Make Smalltalk Great Again

[编辑] 功能

Dynamically Typed + Live Environment

Basic Aspects of Squeak and the Smalltalk-80 Programming Language

DynamicType (SelfType, ClassType, InstanceType)

Live Typing Automatic Type Annotation for Dynamically Typed Languages]

Smalltalk 杀手级功能：

编程语言虚拟机机制
基于镜像（Image-based）的持久性
对象，一切都是对象，对象之间只通过消息进行交流（最纯粹的OO，也是最早的一个）
Live（实时）编程
先进的调试技术，如即时修改代码（on-the-fly code changes）
简单、不混乱（uncluttered）的 IDE 界面
特定领域语言（DSL）是 Smalltalk 唯一的工作方式，程序员必须使用对该领域自然的语言和符号来关注问题领域。

Lisp, Smalltalk, and the Power of Symmetry

[编辑] 对比

与 C++、Java 等语言的对比

Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview

Smalltalk	Java/C++ 术语
instance variable	data member
instance method	member function
class variable	static data member
class method	static member function

[编辑] 指南

Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview
Basic Aspects of Squeak and the Smalltalk-80 Programming Language
GNU Emacs M-x package-install RET smalltalk-mode RET

[编辑] 虚拟机

OpenSmalltalk The cross-platform virtual machine for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.
Cog VM for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.Cog is the fastest virtual machine for Squeak and Pharo.
Squeak Virtual Machine
Pharo VM
RoarVM - The Manycore SqueakVM
RSqueak A Squeak VM written in RPython.RSqueak-App

[编辑] 实现

Smalltalk版本：

Design Principles Behind Smalltalk

Smalltalk Choices

SmaCC (Smalltalk Compiler-Compiler) SmaCC @ GitHub

Smalltalk 方言和开源实现

GNU Smalltalk
Pharo: 专注于现代软件工程和程序开发技术
Squeak: 定位于教学
Dolphin Smalltalk
Cuis Smalltalk Dr. Geo update, Cuis port The Cuis-Smalltalk Book
HaverOnCuis A Cuis based Smalltalk With Modules

[编辑] 商业版

Smalltalk商业版本发行商：

[编辑] 包管理

Metacello

[编辑] 项目

Zinc HTTP Components
Amber A Web developer's best friend.
Seaside web framework
Roassal Visualization Engine
MOOSE Platform for software and data analysis. Agile Visualization

[编辑] Objective-C

Objective-C与SmallTalk
Objective-Smalltalk is a programming language derived from Objective-C.

[编辑] C/C++

Smalltalk虚拟机大多由C/C++开发。

[编辑] Java

[编辑] Ruby

GemStone Maglev Ruby 基于GemStone/S虚拟机的Ruby语言实现。

[编辑] Erlang

[编辑] 函数式

Why is smalltalk not a functional programming language?
HST is a Smalltalk implementation in Haskell

[编辑] Cloud

Smalltalk in the Cloud

[编辑] 文档

[编辑] 图书

《Smalltalk-80: The Language and its Implementation》Adele Goldberg and DavidRobson
Dynamic Web Development with Seaside
《The Art and Science of Smalltalk》 Simon Lewis Hewlett-Packard

[编辑] 开发者

Dale Henrichs

[编辑] 用户

Smalltalk用户和成功案例：

[编辑] 教育

Learn How To Program Learning to program the Smalltalk way
How learning Smalltalk can make you a better developer

[编辑] 图集

Smalltalk-80
路线图
Workspace
Dolphin
GemStone对象服务器
Glamorous Toolkit软件分析

[编辑] 链接

Smalltalk官网
Squeak下载和存档
SmalltalkHub
Smalltalk文档
The World Of Smalltalk
Smalltalk 101
为什么我喜欢Smalltalk？
Randal Schwartz访谈：Ruby之根——Smalltalk王者归来
Squeak：一个免费的多系统下运行的Smalltalk环境
Viewpoints Research Institute design for learning, powerful ideas education.
ANSI Smalltalk
Squeak 和 Smalltalk-80 编程语言的基本特征

@@ 第6行： / 第6行： @@
 ==简介==
-Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 年。
+[[文件:smalltalk-logo.png|right|Smalltalk]]
+Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 年,[https://spectrum.ieee.org/xerox-parc The Story of Smalltalk]
+*Smalltalk is a vision
+*Smalltalk has few concepts
+*Smalltalk is an environment
+*Smalltalk is a big system
+*Smalltalk as an [[operating system]]
+Smalltalk 不仅仅是一门语言。Smalltalk-80 最初是作为一个完整的操作系统交付的，旨在运行在一台裸机上。Smalltalk-80 包含 virtual machine 规范。
 I like it... It’s nice and clean and simple and pretty. Nice stuff!
@@ 第23行： / 第33行： @@
 Smalltalk对其它众多的程序设计语言的产生起到了极大的推动作用，主要有：[[C++]]，C#，[[Objective-C]]，Actor，[[Java]]和[[Ruby]]等。90年代的许多软件开发思想得利于Smalltalk，例如设计模式、敏捷编程和代码重构等。
+[https://medium.com/smalltalk-talk/make-smalltalk-great-again-images-7cb21cd10623 Make Smalltalk Great Again]
 ==功能==
@@ 第32行： / 第44行： @@
 [https://github.com/hernanwilkinson/LiveTyping Live Typing] Automatic Type Annotation for Dynamically Typed Languages]
+Smalltalk 杀手级功能：
+*编程语言虚拟机机制
+*基于镜像（Image-based）的持久性
+*对象，一切都是对象，对象之间只通过消息进行交流（最纯粹的OO，也是最早的一个）
+*Live（实时）编程
+*先进的调试技术，如即时修改代码（on-the-fly code changes）
+*简单、不混乱（uncluttered）的 IDE 界面
+*特定领域语言（[[DSL]]）是 Smalltalk 唯一的工作方式，程序员必须使用对该领域自然的语言和符号来关注问题领域。
+[[Lisp]], [https://medium.com/smalltalk-talk/lisp-smalltalk-and-the-power-of-symmetry-8bd96aaa0c0c Smalltalk, and the Power of Symmetry]
+==对比==
+与 [[C++]]、[[Java]] 等语言的对比
+[http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~harry/musings/SmalltalkOverview.html Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview]
+{| class="wikitable"
+|-
+! Smalltalk
+! Java/C++ 术语
+|-
+| instance variable
+| data member
+|-
+| instance method
+| member function
+|-
+| class variable
+| static data member
+|-
+| class method
+| static member function
+|}
 ==指南==
@@ 第41行： / 第87行： @@
 *[https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/ OpenSmalltalk] The cross-platform virtual machine for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.
 *[https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/opensmalltalk-vm Cog VM] for [[Squeak]], [[Pharo]], [https://github.com/Cuis-Smalltalk Cuis], and [http://newspeaklanguage.org/ Newspeak].Cog is the fastest virtual machine for Squeak and Pharo.
+*[https://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/1447 Squeak Virtual Machine]
+*[https://github.com/pharo-project/pharo-vm Pharo VM]
 *[https://github.com/smarr/RoarVM RoarVM] - The Manycore [[Squeak]]VM
 *[https://github.com/HPI-SWA-Lab/RSqueak RSqueak] A [[Squeak]] VM written in RPython.[https://github.com/HPI-SWA-Lab/RSqueak-App RSqueak-App]
 ==实现==
+[[文件:Pharo-logo.png|right|Pharo]]
+Smalltalk版本：
+*[https://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/64 Smalltalk-80]
+*[https://github.com/codefrau/Smalltalk78 Smalltalk-78]
+*[https://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/989 Smalltalk-72]
 [https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs655/readings/smalltalk.html Design Principles Behind Smalltalk]
+[https://medium.com/smalltalk-talk/smalltalk-choices-6c39d09a40e6 Smalltalk Choices]
+[http://www.refactoryworkers.com/SmaCC.html SmaCC (Smalltalk Compiler-Compiler)] [https://github.com/SmaCCRefactoring/SmaCC SmaCC @ GitHub]
 Smalltalk 方言和开源实现
@@ 第66行： / 第125行： @@
 ==项目==
 *[https://github.com/svenvc/zinc Zinc HTTP Components]
+*[https://amber-lang.net/ Amber] A Web developer's best friend.
 *[https://github.com/seasidest/seaside Seaside web framework]
 *[https://github.com/ObjectProfile/Roassal3/ Roassal Visualization Engine]
@@ 第126行： / 第186行： @@
 ==图书==
+*[http://stephane.ducasse.free.fr/FreeBooks/BlueBook/Bluebook.pdf 《Smalltalk-80: The Language and its Implementation》Adele Goldberg and DavidRobson]
 *[https://book.seaside.st/ Dynamic Web Development with Seaside]
+*《The Art and Science of Smalltalk》 Simon Lewis Hewlett-Packard
 ==开发者==
@@ 第135行： / 第197行： @@
 *[http://www.cincomsmalltalk.com/main/successes/ Cincom Smalltalk成功客户]
 *[http://docs.huihoo.com/smalltalk/esug/ESUG2007/Thu/xM-at-SAP.pdf xM @ SAP]
+==教育==
+*[https://medium.com/learn-how-to-program/latest Learn How To Program] Learning to program the Smalltalk way
+*[https://techbeacon.com/app-dev-testing/how-learning-smalltalk-can-make-you-better-developer How learning Smalltalk can make you a better developer]
 ==图集==
 <gallery>
+image:Smalltalk-80-Cover-of-the-Blue-Book.png|Smalltalk-80
 image:smalltalk-roadmap.png|路线图
 image:squeak-workspace.png|Workspace
@@ 第147行： / 第214行： @@
 ==链接==
 *[http://www.smalltalk.org/ Smalltalk官网]
+*[https://files.squeak.org/ Squeak下载和存档]
 *[http://smalltalkhub.com/ SmalltalkHub]
 *[http://docs.huihoo.com/smalltalk/ Smalltalk文档]