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Smalltalk
来自开放百科 - 灰狐
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==简介== | ==简介== | ||
| − | Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 | + | [[文件:smalltalk-logo.png|right|Smalltalk]] |
| + | |||
| + | Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 年,[https://spectrum.ieee.org/xerox-parc The Story of Smalltalk] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Smalltalk is a vision | ||
| + | *Smalltalk has few concepts | ||
| + | *Smalltalk is an environment | ||
| + | *Smalltalk is a big system | ||
| + | *Smalltalk as an [[operating system]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Smalltalk 不仅仅是一门语言。Smalltalk-80 最初是作为一个完整的操作系统交付的，旨在运行在一台裸机上。Smalltalk-80 包含 virtual machine 规范。 | ||
I like it... It’s nice and clean and simple and pretty. Nice stuff! | I like it... It’s nice and clean and simple and pretty. Nice stuff! | ||
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Smalltalk 杀手级功能： | Smalltalk 杀手级功能： | ||
| + | *编程语言虚拟机机制 | ||
*基于镜像（Image-based）的持久性 | *基于镜像（Image-based）的持久性 | ||
*对象，一切都是对象，对象之间只通过消息进行交流（最纯粹的OO，也是最早的一个） | *对象，一切都是对象，对象之间只通过消息进行交流（最纯粹的OO，也是最早的一个） | ||
| 第41行： | 第52行： | ||
*先进的调试技术，如即时修改代码（on-the-fly code changes） | *先进的调试技术，如即时修改代码（on-the-fly code changes） | ||
*简单、不混乱（uncluttered）的 IDE 界面 | *简单、不混乱（uncluttered）的 IDE 界面 | ||
| − | *特定领域语言（[[DSL]] | + | *特定领域语言（[[DSL]]）是 Smalltalk 唯一的工作方式，程序员必须使用对该领域自然的语言和符号来关注问题领域。 |
| + | |||
| + | [[Lisp]], [https://medium.com/smalltalk-talk/lisp-smalltalk-and-the-power-of-symmetry-8bd96aaa0c0c Smalltalk, and the Power of Symmetry] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==对比== | ||
| + | 与 [[C++]]、[[Java]] 等语言的对比 | ||
| + | |||
| + | [http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~harry/musings/SmalltalkOverview.html Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview] | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! Smalltalk | ||
| + | ! Java/C++ 术语 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | instance variable | ||
| + | | data member | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | instance method | ||
| + | | member function | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | class variable | ||
| + | | static data member | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | class method | ||
| + | | static member function | ||
| + | |} | ||
==指南== | ==指南== | ||
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*[https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/ OpenSmalltalk] The cross-platform virtual machine for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak. | *[https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/ OpenSmalltalk] The cross-platform virtual machine for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak. | ||
*[https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/opensmalltalk-vm Cog VM] for [[Squeak]], [[Pharo]], [https://github.com/Cuis-Smalltalk Cuis], and [http://newspeaklanguage.org/ Newspeak].Cog is the fastest virtual machine for Squeak and Pharo. | *[https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/opensmalltalk-vm Cog VM] for [[Squeak]], [[Pharo]], [https://github.com/Cuis-Smalltalk Cuis], and [http://newspeaklanguage.org/ Newspeak].Cog is the fastest virtual machine for Squeak and Pharo. | ||
| + | *[https://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/1447 Squeak Virtual Machine] | ||
| + | *[https://github.com/pharo-project/pharo-vm Pharo VM] | ||
*[https://github.com/smarr/RoarVM RoarVM] - The Manycore [[Squeak]]VM | *[https://github.com/smarr/RoarVM RoarVM] - The Manycore [[Squeak]]VM | ||
*[https://github.com/HPI-SWA-Lab/RSqueak RSqueak] A [[Squeak]] VM written in RPython.[https://github.com/HPI-SWA-Lab/RSqueak-App RSqueak-App] | *[https://github.com/HPI-SWA-Lab/RSqueak RSqueak] A [[Squeak]] VM written in RPython.[https://github.com/HPI-SWA-Lab/RSqueak-App RSqueak-App] | ||
==实现== | ==实现== | ||
| + | [[文件:Pharo-logo.png|right|Pharo]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Smalltalk版本： | ||
| + | *[https://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/64 Smalltalk-80] | ||
| + | *[https://github.com/codefrau/Smalltalk78 Smalltalk-78] | ||
| + | *[https://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/989 Smalltalk-72] | ||
| + | |||
[https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs655/readings/smalltalk.html Design Principles Behind Smalltalk] | [https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs655/readings/smalltalk.html Design Principles Behind Smalltalk] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [https://medium.com/smalltalk-talk/smalltalk-choices-6c39d09a40e6 Smalltalk Choices] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [http://www.refactoryworkers.com/SmaCC.html SmaCC (Smalltalk Compiler-Compiler)] [https://github.com/SmaCCRefactoring/SmaCC SmaCC @ GitHub] | ||
Smalltalk 方言和开源实现 | Smalltalk 方言和开源实现 | ||
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==图书== | ==图书== | ||
| + | *[http://stephane.ducasse.free.fr/FreeBooks/BlueBook/Bluebook.pdf 《Smalltalk-80: The Language and its Implementation》Adele Goldberg and DavidRobson] | ||
*[https://book.seaside.st/ Dynamic Web Development with Seaside] | *[https://book.seaside.st/ Dynamic Web Development with Seaside] | ||
| + | *《The Art and Science of Smalltalk》 Simon Lewis Hewlett-Packard | ||
==开发者== | ==开发者== | ||
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==教育== | ==教育== | ||
| + | *[https://medium.com/learn-how-to-program/latest Learn How To Program] Learning to program the Smalltalk way | ||
*[https://techbeacon.com/app-dev-testing/how-learning-smalltalk-can-make-you-better-developer How learning Smalltalk can make you a better developer] | *[https://techbeacon.com/app-dev-testing/how-learning-smalltalk-can-make-you-better-developer How learning Smalltalk can make you a better developer] | ||
==图集== | ==图集== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| + | image:Smalltalk-80-Cover-of-the-Blue-Book.png|Smalltalk-80 | ||
image:smalltalk-roadmap.png|路线图 | image:smalltalk-roadmap.png|路线图 | ||
image:squeak-workspace.png|Workspace | image:squeak-workspace.png|Workspace | ||
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==链接== | ==链接== | ||
*[http://www.smalltalk.org/ Smalltalk官网] | *[http://www.smalltalk.org/ Smalltalk官网] | ||
| + | *[https://files.squeak.org/ Squeak下载和存档] | ||
*[http://smalltalkhub.com/ SmalltalkHub] | *[http://smalltalkhub.com/ SmalltalkHub] | ||
*[http://docs.huihoo.com/smalltalk/ Smalltalk文档] | *[http://docs.huihoo.com/smalltalk/ Smalltalk文档] | ||
2022年9月4日 (日) 09:46的最后版本
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您可以在Wikipedia上了解到此条目的英文信息 Smalltalk Thanks, Wikipedia. |
Samlltalk
目录 |
[编辑] 简介
Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 年,The Story of Smalltalk
- Smalltalk is a vision
- Smalltalk has few concepts
- Smalltalk is an environment
- Smalltalk is a big system
- Smalltalk as an operating system
Smalltalk 不仅仅是一门语言。Smalltalk-80 最初是作为一个完整的操作系统交付的，旨在运行在一台裸机上。Smalltalk-80 包含 virtual machine 规范。
I like it... It’s nice and clean and simple and pretty. Nice stuff!
— Alan Kay
Smalltalk 是 70 年代初期美国 XEROX 公司开发的，它不仅是一门编程语言，一个窗口系统，也是一个完整的编程环境，一个集编程、调试、运行和输出为一体的统一环境。
Smalltalk 创立了面向对象的思想并一直沿用至今。
Smalltalk is the consummate teaching language, Smalltalk is OOP done right.
The best way to predict the future is to invent it! -Alan Kay
Smalltalk，被公认为历史上第二个面向对象的程序设计语言，和第一个真正的集成开发环境（IDE）。
Smalltalk对其它众多的程序设计语言的产生起到了极大的推动作用，主要有：C++，C#，Objective-C，Actor，Java和Ruby等。90年代的许多软件开发思想得利于Smalltalk，例如设计模式、敏捷编程和代码重构等。
[编辑] 功能
Dynamically Typed + Live Environment
Basic Aspects of Squeak and the Smalltalk-80 Programming Language
DynamicType (SelfType, ClassType, InstanceType)
Live Typing Automatic Type Annotation for Dynamically Typed Languages]
Smalltalk 杀手级功能：
- 编程语言虚拟机机制
- 基于镜像（Image-based）的持久性
- 对象，一切都是对象，对象之间只通过消息进行交流（最纯粹的OO，也是最早的一个）
- Live（实时）编程
- 先进的调试技术，如即时修改代码（on-the-fly code changes）
- 简单、不混乱（uncluttered）的 IDE 界面
- 特定领域语言（DSL）是 Smalltalk 唯一的工作方式，程序员必须使用对该领域自然的语言和符号来关注问题领域。
Lisp, Smalltalk, and the Power of Symmetry
[编辑] 对比
Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview
| Smalltalk | Java/C++ 术语 |
|---|---|
| instance variable | data member |
| instance method | member function |
| class variable | static data member |
| class method | static member function |
[编辑] 指南
- Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview
- Basic Aspects of Squeak and the Smalltalk-80 Programming Language
- GNU Emacs M-x package-install RET smalltalk-mode RET
[编辑] 虚拟机
- OpenSmalltalk The cross-platform virtual machine for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.
- Cog VM for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.Cog is the fastest virtual machine for Squeak and Pharo.
- Squeak Virtual Machine
- Pharo VM
- RoarVM - The Manycore SqueakVM
- RSqueak A Squeak VM written in RPython.RSqueak-App
[编辑] 实现
Smalltalk版本：
Design Principles Behind Smalltalk
SmaCC (Smalltalk Compiler-Compiler) SmaCC @ GitHub
Smalltalk 方言和开源实现
- GNU Smalltalk
- Pharo: 专注于现代软件工程和程序开发技术
- Squeak: 定位于教学
- Dolphin Smalltalk
- Cuis Smalltalk Dr. Geo update, Cuis port The Cuis-Smalltalk Book
- HaverOnCuis A Cuis based Smalltalk With Modules
[编辑] 商业版
Smalltalk商业版本发行商：
[编辑] 包管理
[编辑] 项目
- Zinc HTTP Components
- Amber A Web developer's best friend.
- Seaside web framework
- Roassal Visualization Engine
- MOOSE Platform for software and data analysis. Agile Visualization
[编辑] Objective-C
- Objective-C与SmallTalk
- Objective-Smalltalk is a programming language derived from Objective-C.
[编辑] C/C++
[编辑] Java
[编辑] Ruby
- GemStone Maglev Ruby 基于GemStone/S虚拟机的Ruby语言实现。
[编辑] Erlang
[编辑] 函数式
- Why is smalltalk not a functional programming language?
- HST is a Smalltalk implementation in Haskell
[编辑] Cloud
[编辑] 文档
- Introduction to Smalltalk
- Smalltalk-80 : hardware and software
- Introduction to Seaside
- A Meta Model Supporting Both Hardware and Smalltalk-based execution of FPGA Circuits
- Parallelism with OpenCL in Bee Smalltalk
- JavaScript for VW Applications
- Security on JIT VMs
- Inside AOStA
- Retrospective Seven VM Engineering Years
- Bee Smalltalk Runtime
- Enhancing SqueakNOS functionalities
- A little Journey in a Virtual Machine
- Sly and the RoarVM GitHub
- Runtime Bytecode Transformation for Smalltalk
- Inter-Language Reflection Inter-Language Reflection
- Open Aspects Open Aspects
- Towards Unified Aspect-Oriented Programming Towards Unified Aspect-Oriented Programming
- Towards aTaxonomy of Unit Tests Towards a Taxonomy of SUnit Tests
- Smalltalk in moodle Runtime Bytecode Transformation for Smalltalk
- Building run-time analysis tools by means of pluggable interpreters
- Multi Core Playground
- SOA – Benefits and Risks
- Seaside – A Multiple Control FlowWeb Application Framework
- Classboxes: A Minimal Module Model Supporting Local Class Extension
- German in 7 Million Shared Objects
- Smalltalk in Large-Scale Enterprise Architectures
- The making of Virtual Domino Topplings. VRML: Virtual Reality Meta Language
- Numerical Methods
[编辑] 图书
- 《Smalltalk-80: The Language and its Implementation》Adele Goldberg and DavidRobson
- Dynamic Web Development with Seaside
- 《The Art and Science of Smalltalk》 Simon Lewis Hewlett-Packard
[编辑] 开发者
[编辑] 用户
Smalltalk用户和成功案例：
[编辑] 教育
- Learn How To Program Learning to program the Smalltalk way
- How learning Smalltalk can make you a better developer
[编辑] 图集
Smalltalk-80
路线图
Workspace
Dolphin
GemStone对象服务器
Glamorous Toolkit软件分析
[编辑] 链接
- Smalltalk官网
- Squeak下载和存档
- SmalltalkHub
- Smalltalk文档
- The World Of Smalltalk
- Smalltalk 101
- 为什么我喜欢Smalltalk？
- Randal Schwartz访谈：Ruby之根——Smalltalk王者归来
- Squeak：一个免费的多系统下运行的Smalltalk环境
- Viewpoints Research Institute design for learning, powerful ideas education.
- ANSI Smalltalk
- Squeak 和 Smalltalk-80 编程语言的基本特征
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