Smalltalk

您可以在Wikipedia上了解到此条目的英文信息 Smalltalk Thanks, Wikipedia.

Samlltalk

简介

Smalltalk 发行于 1972年（50岁），开发始于 1969 年。

I like it... It’s nice and clean and simple and pretty. Nice stuff!

— Alan Kay

Smalltalk 是 70 年代初期美国 XEROX 公司开发的，它不仅是一门编程语言，一个窗口系统，也是一个完整的编程环境，一个集编程、调试、运行和输出为一体的统一环境。

Smalltalk 创立了面向对象的思想并一直沿用至今。

Smalltalk is the consummate teaching language, Smalltalk is OOP done right.

The best way to predict the future is to invent it! -Alan Kay

Smalltalk，被公认为历史上第二个面向对象的程序设计语言，和第一个真正的集成开发环境（IDE）。

Smalltalk对其它众多的程序设计语言的产生起到了极大的推动作用，主要有：C++，C#，Objective-C，Actor，Java和Ruby等。90年代的许多软件开发思想得利于Smalltalk，例如设计模式、敏捷编程和代码重构等。

Smalltalk as an Operating System

Smalltalk 不仅仅是一门语言。Smalltalk-80 系统最初是作为一个完整的操作系统交付的，旨在运行在一台裸机上。Smalltalk 包含了通常运行在操作系统层面的代码。

Make Smalltalk Great Again

功能

Dynamically Typed + Live Environment

Basic Aspects of Squeak and the Smalltalk-80 Programming Language

DynamicType (SelfType, ClassType, InstanceType)

Live Typing Automatic Type Annotation for Dynamically Typed Languages]

Smalltalk 杀手级功能：

• 编程语言虚拟机机制
• 基于镜像（Image-based）的持久性
• 对象，一切都是对象，对象之间只通过消息进行交流（最纯粹的OO，也是最早的一个）
• Live（实时）编程
• 先进的调试技术，如即时修改代码（on-the-fly code changes）
• 简单、不混乱（uncluttered）的 IDE 界面
• 特定领域语言（DSL）是 Smalltalk 唯一的工作方式，程序员必须使用对该领域自然的语言和符号来关注问题领域。

Lisp, Smalltalk, and the Power of Symmetry

对比

与 C++、Java 等语言的对比

Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview

Smalltalk	Java/C++ 术语
instance variable	data member
instance method	member function
class variable	static data member
class method	static member function

指南

• Smalltalk: A White Paper Overview
• Basic Aspects of Squeak and the Smalltalk-80 Programming Language
• GNU Emacs M-x package-install RET smalltalk-mode RET

虚拟机

• OpenSmalltalk The cross-platform virtual machine for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.
• Cog VM for Squeak, Pharo, Cuis, and Newspeak.Cog is the fastest virtual machine for Squeak and Pharo.
• Squeak Virtual Machine
• Pharo VM
• RoarVM - The Manycore SqueakVM
• RSqueak A Squeak VM written in RPython.RSqueak-App

实现

Smalltalk版本：

• Smalltalk-80
• Smalltalk-78
• Smalltalk-72

Design Principles Behind Smalltalk

Smalltalk Choices

SmaCC (Smalltalk Compiler-Compiler) SmaCC @ GitHub

Smalltalk 方言和开源实现

• GNU Smalltalk
• Pharo: 专注于现代软件工程和程序开发技术
• Squeak: 定位于教学
• Dolphin Smalltalk
• Cuis Smalltalk Dr. Geo update, Cuis port The Cuis-Smalltalk Book
• HaverOnCuis A Cuis based Smalltalk With Modules

商业版

Smalltalk商业版本发行商：

• Cincom Smalltalk
• VA Smalltalk
• GemStone GemStone/S 64 Update

包管理

• Metacello

项目

• Zinc HTTP Components
• Amber A Web developer's best friend.
• Seaside web framework
• Roassal Visualization Engine
• MOOSE Platform for software and data analysis. Agile Visualization

Objective-C

• Objective-C与SmallTalk
• Objective-Smalltalk is a programming language derived from Objective-C.

C/C++

Smalltalk虚拟机大多由C/C++开发。

Java

• Calling Java JNIPort for VisualWorks
• Cava := Eclipse as Smalltalk Plugin.

Ruby

• GemStone Maglev Ruby 基于GemStone/S虚拟机的Ruby语言实现。

Erlang

• Erlang @ Smalltalk Conference
• Erlang in 11 Minutes

函数式

• Why is smalltalk not a functional programming language?
• HST is a Smalltalk implementation in Haskell

Cloud

• Smalltalk in the Cloud

文档

• Introduction to Smalltalk
• Smalltalk-80 : hardware and software
• Introduction to Seaside
• A Meta Model Supporting Both Hardware and Smalltalk-based execution of FPGA Circuits
• Parallelism with OpenCL in Bee Smalltalk
• JavaScript for VW Applications
• Security on JIT VMs
• Inside AOStA
• Retrospective Seven VM Engineering Years
• Bee Smalltalk Runtime
• Enhancing SqueakNOS functionalities
• A little Journey in a Virtual Machine
• Sly and the RoarVM GitHub
• Runtime Bytecode Transformation for Smalltalk
• Inter-Language Reflection Inter-Language Reflection
• Open Aspects Open Aspects
• Towards Unified Aspect-Oriented Programming Towards Unified Aspect-Oriented Programming
• Towards aTaxonomy of Unit Tests Towards a Taxonomy of SUnit Tests
• Smalltalk in moodle Runtime Bytecode Transformation for Smalltalk
• Building run-time analysis tools by means of pluggable interpreters
• Multi Core Playground
• SOA – Benefits and Risks
• Seaside – A Multiple Control FlowWeb Application Framework
• Classboxes: A Minimal Module Model Supporting Local Class Extension
• German in 7 Million Shared Objects
• Smalltalk in Large-Scale Enterprise Architectures
• The making of Virtual Domino Topplings. VRML: Virtual Reality Meta Language
• Numerical Methods

图书

• 《Smalltalk-80: The Language and its Implementation》Adele Goldberg and DavidRobson
• Dynamic Web Development with Seaside

开发者

• Dale Henrichs

用户

Smalltalk用户和成功案例：

• Cincom Smalltalk成功客户
• xM @ SAP

教育

• Learn How To Program Learning to program the Smalltalk way
• How learning Smalltalk can make you a better developer

图集

• 

  Smalltalk-80

• 

  路线图

• 

  Workspace

• 

  Dolphin

• 

  GemStone对象服务器

• 

  Glamorous Toolkit软件分析

链接

• Smalltalk官网
• Squeak下载和存档
• SmalltalkHub
• Smalltalk文档
• The World Of Smalltalk
• Smalltalk 101
• 为什么我喜欢Smalltalk？
• Randal Schwartz访谈：Ruby之根——Smalltalk王者归来
• Squeak：一个免费的多系统下运行的Smalltalk环境
• Viewpoints Research Institute design for learning, powerful ideas education.
• ANSI Smalltalk
• Squeak 和 Smalltalk-80 编程语言的基本特征